Pavement structures will be damaged by subgrade soil movement around the pipes introduced by extrashallowundergroundpipe jacking. Soil layer deformation with shallow deposits on pipes during extrashallowundergroundpipe jacking is analyzed using 3D FEM. The effects on pavement deformation created by the friction between shield and soil

injection slurry

jacking forces and the vehicle loads are studied with a practical project. The analytical results show that the ground surface deformation is an uplift first followed by settling with the lower part of the cover moving faster than the upper layers. It is demonstrated by comparing computational results of FEM simulation and the observed data from the insitu test that these FEM models can be applied to realworld engineering. Subgrade soil settling on extrashallowundergroundpipe jacking in a crosssection will be stable when the shield has passed through a section with a length twice the diameter of the pipe. Horizontal surface subsidence along the lateral distribution is similar to a normal distribution curve

with the primary affected areas on both sides of the axis approximately 1.5 times the diameter of the pipe.