间歇与连续供冷模式对可培养细菌浓度的影响

申兵阳; 刘欢; 甘梓枫; 张健; 刘猛; 刘鲁萌

doi:10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2022.020

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间歇与连续供冷模式对可培养细菌浓度的影响

环境工程 | 更新时间：2023-03-07

- 间歇与连续供冷模式对可培养细菌浓度的影响
- The influence of intermittent and continuous cooling modes on the concentration of cultivable bacteria
- 土木与环境工程学报 2023年45卷第2期页码：219-228
- 作者机构：
  
  重庆大学土木工程学院，重庆 400045
- 作者简介：
  
  申兵阳（1998-），男，主要从事室内微生物污染研究，E-mail：byshen@cqu.edu.cn。
  刘欢（通信作者），女，博士，E-mail：huanliu@cqu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  中国博士后科学基金(2020M683245);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2020CDJQY-A066);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1100704)
- DOI：10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2022.020
  中图分类号： TU831
- 收稿：2021-12-05，
  
  纸质出版：2023-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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申兵阳, 刘欢, 甘梓枫, 等. 间歇与连续供冷模式对可培养细菌浓度的影响[J]. 土木与环境工程学报, 2023,45(2):219-228.

SHEN Bingyang, LIU Huan, GAN Zifeng, et al. The influence of intermittent and continuous cooling modes on the concentration of cultivable bacteria[J]. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2023, 45(2): 219-228.
申兵阳, 刘欢, 甘梓枫, 等. 间歇与连续供冷模式对可培养细菌浓度的影响[J]. 土木与环境工程学报, 2023,45(2):219-228. DOI： 10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2022.020.

SHEN Bingyang, LIU Huan, GAN Zifeng, et al. The influence of intermittent and continuous cooling modes on the concentration of cultivable bacteria[J]. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2023, 45(2): 219-228. DOI： 10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2022.020.

摘要

空气中的细菌，尤其是病原菌和益生菌，对人体呼吸系统、皮肤系统等均造成有利/不利影响，其分布特征随温度和相对湿度变化。设置房间空调器间歇运行和连续运行两类供冷模式，探究不同供冷模式下可培养总细菌、病原菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）、益生菌（乳酸杆菌）的时空分布差异和环境因素的关联。结果表明：时间尺度上，总细菌平均浓度在间歇运行下（（1 195±511）CFU/m³）是连续供冷模式下（（483±199）CFU/m³）的2.5倍；金黄色葡萄球菌平均浓度在间歇供冷模式下（（544±299）CFU/m³）是连续供冷模式下（（136±7）CFU/m³）的4倍；益生菌在连续和间歇供冷模式下差异较小，分别为（77±40）CFU/m³和（73±24）CFU/m³。总细菌和金黄色葡萄球菌浓度在间歇供冷模式下浓度波动较大；连续供冷模式下波动较小。空间尺度上，总细菌与金黄色葡萄球菌浓度随着距空调横向和垂向距离的增大而增大；随着距空调纵向距离的增大而减小。间歇供冷模式下，儿童呼吸区（

=0.5 m）细菌暴露风险高于成人呼吸区（

=1.5 m）。总细菌和金黄色葡萄球菌浓度均与温度呈显著正相关（

0.001），而与相对湿度关联较小。相比于连续供冷

间歇供冷模式下室内总细菌及病原菌浓度均较高，夏季时适当延长空调开启时间，可显著降低室内可培养细菌浓度，减少细菌感染风险。

Abstract

Airborne bacteria especially pathogens and probiotics

have harmful/beneficial effects on the human respiratory system and skin system. The distribution of these bacteria varied with different temperature and relative humidity. In this study

two working conditions: intermittent cooling and continuous cooling of air conditioners was set up to explore the differences in the temporal and spatial distribution of culturable total bacteria

pathogen (

Staphylococcus aureus

) and probiotics (

Lactococcus aureus

). The results showed that the average concentration of total bacteria in intermittent cooling （(1 195±511） CFU/m³) is 2.5 times that in continuous cooling （(483±199） CFU/m³); the average concentration of

Staphylococcus aureu

s was in intermittent cooling （(544±299） CFU/m³) is 4 times that in continuous cooling （(136±7） CFU/m³); the average concentration of

Lactococcus aureus

was not different in the continuous （(77±40） CFU/m³) and intermittent （(73±24） CFU/m³) cooling. The concentration of total bacteria and

Staphylococcus aureus

fluctuated greatly in intermittent cooling. In intermittent cooling

the bacterial concentration changed significantly in different sites of the room. However

in continuous cooling

the bacterial concentration varied not obviously. On the spatial scale

the concentration of total bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus increased with the increase of the horizontal and vertical distance from the air conditioner

and decreased with the increase of the longitudinal distance from the air conditioner. In intermittent cooling mode

the risk of bacterial exposure in children's respiratory area (

=0.5 m) is higher than that of adult's respiratory area (

=1.5 m). The concentrations of total bacteria and

Staphylococcus aureus

were significantly positively correlated with temperature (

0.001). However

there is no obvious correlation with relative humidity. In summer

using air conditioner can significantly reduce the concentration of cultivable bacteria in the room

which may benefit to our health.

关键词

Keywords

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