混凝土单轴压缩与劈裂荷载下声发射信号的雪崩统计特征

曹雪鹏; 赵云峰; 王立柱; 陈铭辉; 张嘉乐

doi:10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2024.039

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混凝土单轴压缩与劈裂荷载下声发射信号的雪崩统计特征

土木工程 | 更新时间：2026-03-30

- 混凝土单轴压缩与劈裂荷载下声发射信号的雪崩统计特征
- Avalanche statistical characteristics of acoustic emission signals of concrete under uniaxial compression and splitting load
- 土木与环境工程学报 2026年48卷第2期页码：236-244
- 作者机构：
  
  长江大学城市建设学院，湖北荆州434023
- 作者简介：
  
  曹雪鹏（2000- ），女，主要从事结构损伤研究，E-mail: 2022720769@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
  赵云峰（通信作者），男，副教授，E-mail: zhaoyf@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52204201)
- DOI：10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2024.039
  中图分类号： TU528.1
- 收稿：2024-01-03，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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曹雪鹏,赵云峰,王立柱等.混凝土单轴压缩与劈裂荷载下声发射信号的雪崩统计特征[J].土木与环境工程学报,2026,48(02):236-244.

CAO Xuepeng,ZHAO Yunfeng,WANG Lizhu,et al.Avalanche statistical characteristics of acoustic emission signals of concrete under uniaxial compression and splitting load[J].Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering,2026,48(02):236-244.
曹雪鹏,赵云峰,王立柱等.混凝土单轴压缩与劈裂荷载下声发射信号的雪崩统计特征[J].土木与环境工程学报,2026,48(02):236-244. DOI： 10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2024.039.

CAO Xuepeng,ZHAO Yunfeng,WANG Lizhu,et al.Avalanche statistical characteristics of acoustic emission signals of concrete under uniaxial compression and splitting load[J].Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering,2026,48(02):236-244. DOI： 10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2024.039.

摘要

多孔介质材料破坏失效的雪崩特征与其破坏机制密切相关。为探究基于声发射统计的混凝土拉、压破坏过程中的雪崩特征，开展了混凝土单轴压缩和巴西劈裂试验，并监测加载过程中的声发射信号，对比分析声发射信号的幅值、绝对能量、持续时间、等候时间等参数的统计特征。结果表明：拉、压破坏下声发射能量最大值均分布在峰值应力附近，但劈裂过程中的信号数量远低于单轴压缩；

值均呈先增大后减小趋势，而劈裂破坏下的

值下降更早，变化幅度更大，说明大裂纹出现得更早，更容易破坏；拉、压破坏下的声发射绝对能量、幅值、持续时间的概率密度分布均符合幂律，但对应的雪崩指数值不同，这与破坏过程中的失效机制相关；劈裂破坏的绝对能量分布接近纯幂律分布，而单轴压缩破坏符合带阻尼的幂律分布，所对应的绝对能量指数值更大；不同时间段内单轴压缩和巴西劈裂破坏的能量指数值呈下降趋势，说明随着荷载的增加试件内部大能量信号占比增大；拉、压破坏下的等候时间概率密度分布较为接近，表现出稳定性，也说明统计规律的适用性

。

Abstract

The avalanche characteristics of the destruction of porous dielectric materials are closely related to their failure mechanism. To investigate the avalanche characteristics of concrete during tensile and compressive failure based on acoustic emission statistics

concrete uniaxial compression and Brazilian splitting tests were carried out

the acoustic emission signals in the loading process were monitored

and the statistical characteristics of the acoustic emission signals such as amplitude

absolute energy

duration and waiting time were compared and analyzed. The results show that the maximum acoustic emission energy is distributed near the peak stress

but the number of signals in the splitting process is much lower than that in uniaxial compression. The

-value increases first and then decreases

and the

-value decreases earlier and the change range is larger under splitting failure

indicating that the large cracks appeare earlier and are more easily destroyed. The probability density distributions of absolute energy

amplitude and duration of acoustic emission in response to tensile and compressive failure conform to a power law. However

the corresponding avalanche exponent values are different

which is related to the failure mechanism during the process of failure. The absolute energy distribution of the splitting failure is found to be in close proximity to the pure power law distribution

while the compressive failure is consistent with the damped power law distribution

and the corresponding absolute energy exponent value is found to be larger. indicating that the proportion of large energy signals in the specimen increases with the increase of load. The probability density distribution of waiting time under tensile and compressive failure is found to be similar

thereby demonstrating the stability and the applicability of the statistical law.

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