两株优势霉菌对大足千手观音金箔腐蚀的作用机制

杨豪; 贺嫱; 赵岗; 冯雪梅; 王伟; 范月婷; 蒋思维; 郭劲松

doi:10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2025.110

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两株优势霉菌对大足千手观音金箔腐蚀的作用机制

土木工程 | 更新时间：2026-03-30

- 两株优势霉菌对大足千手观音金箔腐蚀的作用机制
- Mechanism of gold foil corrosion by two dominant fungal strains on the Dazu Thousand-handed and Thousand-eyed Avalokitesvara
- 土木与环境工程学报 2026年48卷第2期页码：30-39
- 作者机构：
  
  1.重庆大学环境与生态学院, 重庆 400045
  2.大足石刻研究院, 重庆 402360
- 作者简介：
  
  杨豪（1995- ），男，博士生，主要从事环境微生物研究，E-mail：810279461@qq.com。
  赵岗（通信作者），男，研究馆员，E-mail：327009103@qq.com。
  郭劲松（通信作者），男，教授，博士生导师，E-mail：guo0768@cqu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家文物保护专项资金(文物保函〔2011〕262号);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0095)
- DOI：10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2025.110
  中图分类号： TU87
- 收稿：2025-07-21，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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杨豪,贺嫱,赵岗等.两株优势霉菌对大足千手观音金箔腐蚀的作用机制[J].土木与环境工程学报,2026,48(02):30-39.

YANG Hao,HE Qiang,ZHAO Gang,et al.Mechanism of gold foil corrosion by two dominant fungal strains on the Dazu Thousand-handed and Thousand-eyed Avalokitesvara[J].Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering,2026,48(02):30-39.
杨豪,贺嫱,赵岗等.两株优势霉菌对大足千手观音金箔腐蚀的作用机制[J].土木与环境工程学报,2026,48(02):30-39. DOI： 10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2025.110.

YANG Hao,HE Qiang,ZHAO Gang,et al.Mechanism of gold foil corrosion by two dominant fungal strains on the Dazu Thousand-handed and Thousand-eyed Avalokitesvara[J].Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering,2026,48(02):30-39. DOI： 10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2025.110.

摘要

近年来，大足石刻千手观音造像贴金层出现局部劣化现象，对文物本体安全构成一定威胁。以分离自金箔表面的杂色曲霉菌（

Aspergillus versicolor

）和易脆毛霉菌（

Mucor fragilis

）两株优势菌株为研究对象，在实验室模拟条件下通过对pH值、开路电位、交流阻抗谱及极化曲线等参数监测，结合透射电子显微镜（TEM）和X射线能谱（EDS）分析，初步探究两株霉菌对金箔的腐蚀机制。结果表明，两株霉菌均显著加速了金箔腐蚀，导致表面金（Au）元素含量显著下降并伴随C、O、S元素富集。电化学测试发现，两株霉菌使腐蚀电位负移0.20~0.24 V，腐蚀电流密度提高近10倍，腐蚀效率分别为91.38%和88.91%。初步机制推断表明：霉菌代谢产生的有机酸（如柠檬酸和草酸）导致溶液快速酸化（pH值降至4.5~4.8），破坏钝化层；其胞外聚合物促进了生物膜形成，并可能通过吸附硫化物加剧界面反应。其中，杂色曲霉菌的片状腐蚀可能与其亲水性多糖生物膜增强了电解液渗透相关，而易脆毛霉菌的裂隙扩展可能源于糖化产物的微电池效应。

Abstract

In recent years

partial deterioration of the gilded layer on the Dazu Thousand-handed and Thousand-eyed Avalokitesvara has posed a serious threat to the preservation of this cultural herita

ge. In this study

Aspergillus versicolor

and

Mucor fragilis

previously isolated from the gold foil surface

were selected as model organisms. Laboratory-simulated conditions were employed to investigate their corrosive effects on the gold foil. Corrosion behavior was monitored through pH

open circuit potential

electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

and polarization curves. Additionally

transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were utilized to characterize morphological and elemental changes. The results demonstrated that both fungal strains significantly accelerated gold foil corrosion. A marked decrease in surface gold (Au) content was observed

accompanied by the enrichment of carbon (C)

oxygen (O)

and sulfur (S) elements. Electrochemical analyses revealed a negative shift in corrosion potential by 0.20-0.24 V

a nearly tenfold increase in corrosion current density

and corrosion efficiencies of 91.38% and 88.91% for

Aspergillus versicolor

and

Mucor fragilis

respectively. The preliminary mechanistic inferences suggest that organic acids (e.g.

citric acid and oxalic acid) produced by fungal metabolism rapidly reduced the local pH to 4.5-4.8

thereby disrupting the passive layer. Moreover

extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by the fungi facilitated biofilm formation and likely enhanced interfacial reactions through sulfide adsorption. The flake corrosion patterns induced by

Aspergillus versicolor

were attributed to the increased electrolyte penetration promoted by its hydrophilic polysaccharide-rich biofilm. Conversely

the crack propagation caused by

Mucor fragilis

was possibly driven by micro-galvanic effects associated with its saccharification products.

关键词

Keywords

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封护材料对千手观音金箔表面易脆毛霉菌生理代谢及腐蚀作用的影响