考虑弹塑性变形的非饱和土地基超静孔隙压力

夏琼; 辛佳璐; 满本轩; 刘德仁

doi:10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2025.120

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考虑弹塑性变形的非饱和土地基超静孔隙压力

更新时间：2025-12-25

- 考虑弹塑性变形的非饱和土地基超静孔隙压力
- Excess pore pressure in unsaturated soil foundations considering elastoplastic deformation
- 土木与环境工程学报 2025年页码：1-11
- 作者机构：
  
  1.兰州交通大学，土木工程国家级实验教学示范中心，兰州 730070
  2.兰州交通大学，土木工程学院，兰州 730070
- 作者简介：
  
  夏琼（1977- ），女，博士，副教授，主要从事土力学与地基基础研究，E-mail：xemily@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(42362033)
- DOI：10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2025.120
  中图分类号： TU431
- 收稿：2025-08-09，
  
  网络首发：2025-12-24，
- 稿件说明：
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夏琼,辛佳璐,满本轩等.考虑弹塑性变形的非饱和土地基超静孔隙压力[J].土木与环境工程学报,

XIA Qiong,XIN Jialu,MAN Benxuan,et al.Excess pore pressure in unsaturated soil foundations considering elastoplastic deformation[J].Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
夏琼,辛佳璐,满本轩等.考虑弹塑性变形的非饱和土地基超静孔隙压力[J].土木与环境工程学报, DOI：10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2025.120.

XIA Qiong,XIN Jialu,MAN Benxuan,et al.Excess pore pressure in unsaturated soil foundations considering elastoplastic deformation[J].Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, DOI：10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2025.120.

摘要

非饱和地基在瞬时局部加载作用下的力学响应特性是岩土工程领域的研究热点。基于Fredlund双应力变量理论与非饱和土弹塑性本构模型，建立考虑弹塑性应变的非饱和土全耦合固结理论，采用COMSOL多物理场耦合软件进行数值模拟，分析瞬时局部加载下非饱和地基初始超静孔隙压力分布、消散规律及塑性区发展规律，研究弹塑性应变与超静孔隙压力分布及消散的全耦合机制。结果表明：初始超静孔隙水压力空间分布与地基土体积应变类型相关，弹性应变状态下，荷载作用范围内超静孔隙水压力随深度递减，范围外浅层出现负值；塑性区超静孔隙水压力显著高于弹性区，且与塑性压缩体积应变呈正相关；荷载大小与加载宽度影响塑性区发展，局部荷载下塑性区可能自地表向下或自基底向上发展，两者贯通后超静孔隙压力沿深度分布规律与基底向上发展的塑性应变一致；弹塑性交界区超静孔隙压力消散过程中出现两次曼代尔-克雷尔效应。

Abstract

The mechanical response characteristics of unsaturated foundations under instantaneous local loading are a research focus in the field of geotechnical engineering. By employing Fredlund's dual stress variable theory and an elastoplastic constitutive model for unsaturated soils

a fully coupled consolidation theory for unsaturated soils considering elastoplastic strain was established. Numerical simulations were conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics software

analyzing the initial excess pore pressure distribution

dissipation patterns

and development rules of plastic zones in unsaturated foundations under instantaneous local loads

and investigating the fully coupled mechanism between elastoplastic strain and excess pore pressure distribution and dissipation. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of initial excess pore water pressure is related to the volumetric strain type of the foundation soil. Under elastic strain conditions

excess pore water pressure within the loading area decreases with depth

while negative values appear in the shallow layers outside the loading region. The excess pore water pressure in plastic zones is significantly higher than in elastic zones and positively correlated with plastic volumetric compression strain. The magnitude and width of the load affect the development of plastic zones. Under local loading

plastic zones may develop downward from the surface or upward from the base; once they connect

the depth distribution of excess pore water pressure aligns with the development of plastic strain from the base upward. During dissipation in the elastoplastic interface zone

two instances of the Mandel-Cryer effect were observed.

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